Paper Title, Authors, Abstract (Issue 1, Volume 3, 2009)

Pages

Novel Approach for Optimization of Cell Planning and Capacity
Ali Hakan Isik, Inan Guler

Abstract: Configuration, Cost, base station output power are important resources in cellular mobile radio systems. The main idea of cell planning is the maximize capacity in another words number of subscribers and minimize cost at the same time. In a GSM system, where coverage areas are divided into cells in planning phase, the division method and its parameters have a great importance. This study explains GSM system and cell planning process, and gives information about the features of fuzzy logic algorithm. Fuzzy logic solves problems better than other control algorithms in which initial parameters are needed to be assigned by the designer, which have variables that aren’t defined well and change with time and where system expert’s knowledge and experience have great importance in design process. Cell planning has same important problems that it’s variables aren’t defined well, change with time. These important problems of cell planning are the cell radius, base station number and power, TRU (transceiver unit) number, N (number of cells per cluster), cost, CIR (channel interference ratio), D (distance between two cells which use same frequency at the same time) are found for urban, suburban and rural areas by using omni or three sector antennas. GSM cell planning is simulated by using fuzzy logic algorithm, a computer program is written to determine what kind of configuration changes have to be made so as to minimize the number of base station, and hence the total system cost, and also to maintain the requirements of the maximum traffic demand. In addition, input and output data can be defined through the interface which is created in C++ Builder programming language.
 

Numerical Analysis of Raised-Cosine Sampled Chirped Bragg Grating for Dispersion Compensation in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing Systems
Fethallah Karim, Omar Seddiki

Abstract: In this paper, a numerical investigation of raised-cosine sampled chirped fiber Bragg grating (SCFG) has been presented. This multi channel filter is modeled by coupled mode theory and simulated by transfer matrix method. The optical period changes linearly at each section of the grating according to a negative period variation. To reduce ripples and side lobes, a raised-cosine apodization is applied. SCFG is proposed for the purpose of dispersion management in dense wavelength division multiplexing systems. Numerical results show that SCFG presents five channels in a bandwidth of 0.6 nm and with a dispersion of -1400 ps/nm. The wavelength spacing between two neighboring channels is 0.8 nm.
 

Fingerprint Watermark Embedding by Discrete Cosine Transform for Copyright Ownership Authentication
Chi-Man Pun, Ioi-Tun Lam

Abstract: In respect to the issues on protecting intellectual property, particular for artistic works in electronic form, some sorts of techniques could be put on a copyright material image to ensure its ownership authentication. In this paper, signatories’ biometric fingerprint watermark message in digital format will be embedded into a copyright material image by Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for copyright ownership authentication. During the embedding process, copyright material image and the fingerprint watermark message will be adaptively partitioned and then DCT method will be applied to each partition for embedding and extracting the watermark message. Experimental results from our prototype system show that the proposed method is successfully tested for message embedding and extraction. In case that the watermarked image has been attacked, the embedded digital fingerprint watermark message can still be extracted with a certain degree of tolerance.