f8996a38-6494-421c-8fd4-cfce705ba2f520210415075818164naun:naunmdt@crossref.orgMDT DepositInternational Journal of Energy and Environment2308-100710.46300/91012http://www.naun.org/cms.action?id=3043324202132420211510.46300/91012.2021.15https://www.naun.org/cms.action?id=23309Owhor SampsonChisaDepartment of Pure and Applied Physics, Federal University Wukari, Taraba state, NigeriaJ. D.AmineDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, NigeriaAbdul GamboAlimDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Federal University Wukari, Taraba state, NigeriaLuka BobbyShakarauDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Federal University Wukari, Taraba state, NigeriaIsaiah KehindeOgbobameDepartment of Pure and Applied Physics, Federal University Wukari, Taraba state, NigeriaSamaila YohannaAdidaukiDepartment of Biological Sciences, Federal University Wukari, Taraba state, NigeriaThe present work deals with the production of biodiesel from Sandbox (Hura crepitans) seed oil and the optimization of the parameters that influence the transesterification of Sandbox (Hura crepitans)seed oil into biodiesel using Response Surface Methodology. Hura crepitans oil was obtained from by using hydraulic press for Mechanical and n-hexane for solvent extraction. Esterification was done using methanol and sodium hydroxide. A total of 48 experiments using Central Composite Design were carried out. The R-Squared, Adequate Precision, Predicted and Adjusted R-Squared values were 0.9367, 19.219, 0.8576 and 0.9070 respectively. The result of the extraction of oil, physiochemical properties, and optimization process shows that sandbox (Hura crepitans) seed oil has characteristics that are more favorable to biodiesel production. The optimal conditions for extraction of oil from sandbox seed oil were given as alcohol/ oil ratio of 5.0, catalyst amount of 20 g/ml, extraction temperature of 60 ºC, and extraction time of 45.01 minutes, with the predicted oil yield as 97.33% respectively which shows that the experimental values are in good agreement with predicted values.413202141320214855https://www.naun.org/main/NAUN/energyenvironment/2021/a182011-009(2021).pdf10.46300/91012.2021.15.9https://www.naun.org/cms.action?id=2330910.1016/j.biortech.2005.03.028.S. Ogunniyi, “Castor Oil: A Vital Industrial Raw Material”. Bioresource Tech., pp: 1086–1091, 2005. 10.3390/en3040607S.O. Giwa, L.A. Chuah, and N.M. Adam, “Investigating Egusi (Citrullus Colocynthis L.) Seed oil as potential biodiesel feedstock”, Energies, vol. 3, pp: 607-18, 2010. 10.1016/0960-8524(94)90110-4Y. Ali, and M.A. Hanna, “Physical Properties of Tallow Ester and Diesel Fuel Blends”, Bioresource Technol. Vol. 47, pp: 31-40, 2010. J.D. Amine, S.C. Owhor, and B.S. Luka, “Engine Performance Characteristics of Biodiesel from Oils of Sandbox Seed and Moring as Feedstock” Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), ISSN: 2458-9403 Vol. 5 Issue 12, December 2018. 10.1243/09544070jauto950A. Gopinath, and N.G. Sukumar Puhan, “Relating cetane number of biodiesel fuels to their fatty acid composition: a critical study”, Proc Inst Mech Eng. pp: 565-583, 2009. P.N. Okolie, E. Uaboi, and A.E. Ajekwene, “Extraction and Quality Evaluation of Sandbox Tree Seed (Hura crepitan) Oil” World Journal of Agricult. Sci., vol. 8, pp: 359–365, 2012. K .A. Alabi, “Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition of Thevetia peruviana and Hura crepitans Seed Oils Using GC-FCID”, Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, vol. 2, pp: 32–37, 2013.10.1155/2014/464590A. Adewuyi, P.O. Awolade, and R.A. Oderinde, “Hura crepitans Seed Oil: An Alternative Feedstock for Biodiesel”, Production Journal of Fuel, vol. 97, pp: 1086–1091, 2014.O. Oniya, F.B. Akande, A.A. Adedeji, and O.L. Olukayode, “Transesterification of Hura crepitans oil for biodiesel production”, Journal of Engineering, Appl. Scientific Res. Vol. 16, pp:91–97, 2014. 10.1016/s0958-6946(02)00077-8C.V.D. Ven, H. Gruppen, D.B.A.D. Bont, and A.G.J. Vorga, “Optimization of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibit by Whey Protein Hydrolysis Using Response Surface Methodology”, Journal of International Dairy, Vol. 12, pp: 817–820, 2002 10.1021/jf071301wC. Mane, M. Souquet, D. Olle, C. Verries, F. Veran, G. Mazeromech, V. Chenynier, and H. Fukraud, “Optimization of Simultaneous Flavanol, Phenolic Acid and Anthocyanin Extraction from Grapes Using and Experimental Design: Application to the Characterisation of Champagne Grapes Varieties”. Journal of Agriculture, Food Chemistry Vol. 55, pp: 7224–7233, 2007.